Classification of Matter
We can classify Matter into several
levels, as shown in the following figure.
Matter
The material in terms of chemistry is
anything that has mass and volume, or in other words, matter is anything that
occupies space. For example – me, you, chair, table, computer, mouse, keyboard,
dog, cat, cow, ram, pen, pencil, tree, plant, building, stone, brick, mountain,
river, etc.
Substances made up
a very small part section called particles. The composition and particle
properties determine the form of a substance, whether it is a solid, liquid, or
gas. Each states of matter composed of particles that have the distance and
freedom of movement that is different.
The nature of the particles of a substance are as
follows:
- Particles are not silent, but always moving or shaking.
- There are attractive forces between the particles one another.
- Among the particles with other particles contained space between particles called pores.
State
of the particles of the form of solids, liquids, and gases can be explained as
follows:
(1) Solids: particle movement is not free, the location of adjacent
particles, attractive forces between the particles is very strong, tiny
particles of interstellar space.
(2) Fluid: The movement of particles rather
freely, the particles lies somewhat tenuous, attractive forces between the
particles is less powerful, the space between the particles is rather large.
(3)
Gas: The movement of particles is free, where the particles are very far apart,
attractive forces between the particles are very weak, and the space between
the particles are very large.
According to science matters are
divided according to their physical and chemical properties.
Physical Nature of Matter:
- Matters are made of particles.
- The particles of matters are very small.
- The particles of matter are moving continuously.
- Particles of matter have space between them.
Each material can be classified into
two groups, namely a mixture of substances and pure substances.
1. Mixture of Subtances
Substance physical
mixture is a combination of two or more materials. Such as the soil is a
mixture of sand, silt and humus foliage. The mixture is two homogeneous and
heterogeneous mixtures.
a. Heterogeneous
Heterogeneous
a mixture constituent easily distinguishable. Examples are a heterogeneous mix
of granite, cast concrete, soil and vegetable soup.
b. Homogeneous
Homogeneous mixture
it substance mixture evenly mixed and difficult to separate. For example, a
salt solution, a solution of sugar, syrup, etc.
(Ex: Homogeneous) (Ex: Heterogeneous)
1 2. Pure subtances
Pure substances are substances that
have a single composition, not mixed with other substances. For example, an
iron is a pure material.
a. Element
Pure
substance derived from a chemical element called element/chemical element,
while the pure substance which is a combined result of two reactions is called
chemical elements. Examples of chemical elements: Copper (Cu), gold (Au),
hydrogen (H2), helium gas (He), nitrogen gas (N2). b. Chemical compounds
The pure substance which is a combined result of two reactions is called chemical compounds. Examples of chemical compounds: water (H2O), methane (CH4), propane (C3H8) etc.
(Ex: chemical
compounds) (Ex: element)
What difference of solids, fluid,gas and example?
BalasHapusSolid substances are substances or objects that have a fixed shape and volume. Example; Rods, wooden beams, stone, tile, iron poles, walls, and others.
HapusLiquids are substances or objects that have a fixed volume but the shape changes according to the place (container). Example; Gasoline in bottles, tea in a glass, drinking water in a kettle, sirum in a glass, and others.
Gaseous substances are substances or objects that have volumes and shapes that are always changing according to the place (the container). Example; Balloons, bicycle tires and motorcycle tires, empty bottles, and others.
what is the difference of mixtures and pure substances?
BalasHapusPure substances are a substance containing only one constituent substance while a mixture is a substance containing two or more constituents. Pure substances always have the same properties, while the mixture can have different properties depending on the composition of its constituent components.
Hapuswhat is the difference atoms, compounds and molecules ? Can give me some the examples ?
BalasHapusAn atom is a particle in a substance. This word is derived from the Greek atomos meaning that can not be cut. In accordance with that sense, Atoms are the constituent particles of all very small objects, eg H, N, O, and Mg.
HapusThe compound is a single substance consisting of the arrangement of some elemental particles / atoms. The mass of the constituent particles of the compound has a fixed ratio. The constituent elements of the compound can not be separated by ordinary chemical reactions. Compounds in the world there are very many even infinity. Some examples of compounds are Water (H2O), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Gastric Acid (HCl), Freon (CFC), and many more.
Molecules are a set of two or more atoms that are bonded together, for example H2O and NaCl.
Is it the same protons and neutrons with isotope??
BalasHapusNo is't not, Definition Proton is a positively charged electrical charge carrier.
HapusNeutrons or neutrons are non-charged (neutral) subatomic particles and have a mass of 940 MeV / c² (1.6749 × 10-27 kg, slightly heavier than protons.
While Isotopes are a form of an element whose nuclei have the same atomic number, but the number of protons in the nucleus with different atomic masses because they have different numbers of neutrons.
What cause partical have attractive forces between the particles one another?
BalasHapusBecause the charge on the particles is not the same, so to achieve the stability of the particles attract each other.
HapusSo what is the conclusion of the material that you post?
BalasHapusThe material in terms of chemistry is anything that has mass and volume, or in other words, matter is anything that occupies space.
HapusSubstances made up a very small part section called particles.
Each material can be classified into two groups, namely a mixture of substances and pure substances.
1. Mixture of Subtances
Substance physical mixture is a combination of two or more materials. The mixture is two homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
a. Heterogeneous
Heterogeneous a mixture constituent easily distinguishable.
Homogeneous mixture it substance mixture evenly mixed and difficult to separate. 2. Pure subtances
Pure substances are substances that have a single composition, not mixed with other substances.
a. Element
Pure substance derived from a chemical element called element/chemical element, while the pure substance which is a combined result of two reactions is called chemical elements.
b. Chemical compounds
The pure substance which is a combined result of two reactions is called chemical compounds.
What is the different between compound and molecules?
BalasHapusCompounds are compounds of molecules formed from different atoms, while Molecules are formed when two or more atoms of chemical elements join together.
HapusIs the atom included in the element? Give reasons and examples
BalasHapusAtoms are: The smallest unit of a material consisting of a nucleus, which usually contains protons (charge +) and neutrons (neutrals), and skins that contain negative charges of electrons. There is also a mention that the atom is a constituent element. The elements are: A group of atoms that have the same number of protons in essence. This number is referred to as the atomic number of elements. The element is defined as a single substance that can not be subdivided into smaller parts. It can be said that the element is the atom itself, for example: if there is H2O, then we can say: it consists of 2 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom, While Hydrogen and oxygen are both elements.
HapusWhat is our purpose of studying the classification of matter?
BalasHapusWhat mean mixed substance in homogeneous ?
BalasHapusPlease Explain with the example so that I quickly understand
What causes the appearance of the magnetic properties of the elements / compounds
BalasHapusWhat changes occur in the material?
BalasHapus