Rabu, 24 Mei 2017

CHEMICAL LEARNING VIDEO



Crude oil
Hydrocarbon compounds are widely used in everyday life such as petroleum. Because of the importance of petroleum for the sustainability of our lives, then on this subject matter we will discuss the process of formation of petroleum, petroleum refining, petroleum fractions, and the impact of petroleum burning.
The Formation of Petroleum
Petroleum is formed from the decomposition of organic compounds from the bodies of microorganisms millions of years ago on the seafloor. The liquid decomposition results into petroleum and the gaseous form of gas into natural gas. This decomposition process takes place so slowly that to form petroleum takes a very long time. That is why petroleum includes natural resources that can not be renewed, so it takes wisdom in exploration and usage. To get this oil can be done by drilling.
Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds. To be utilized it needs to be separated by stratified distillation, that is the way of separating the petroleum fractions based on their boiling point difference in the stratified columns.
The main component of petroleum and natural gas is alkanes. Natural gas contains 80% methane, 7% ethane, 6% propane, 4% butane and isobutane, the remaining pentane. To be utilized liquefied propane and butane gas known as LNG (Liquid Natural Gas). Because pure natural gas combustion is more efficient and less pollutant, natural gas is widely used for industrial and household fuels. In small tubes are often used for camping, picnics, and as lighters. LNG is also widely used for chemical industry basic materials such as the manufacture of methanol and fertilizers.
Compounds of petroleum compounds: alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic compounds. In addition there are impurities of organic compounds containing S, N, O, and metal organo. From the distillation results obtained fractions LNG, LPG, petroleum ether, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, oil, wax, and asphalt.
2. Petroleum Factions
Fraction
Boiling Point (oC)
Number of Atoms C
Usefulness
Gas
(-160) - (-40)
1 - 4
Like LPG
Petroleum Ether
30 - 90
5 - 7
Solvent and dry cleaning
Fuel
35 - 75
5 - 10
Like Premium
Naphtha
70 - 170
8 - 12
Petrochemical industry raw materials
Kerosene and aviation
170 - 250
10 - 14
Airplane fuel
Solar
250 - 340
15 - 25
Diesel engine fuel
Oil
350 - 500
19 - 35
Lubricants
Paraffin
350
> 20
Wax raw materials
Residue
> 500
> 70
Asphalt and Anti-leak coating

The quality of gasoline is determined by the octane number, ie the number indicating the amount of isooktan in gasoline. The octane number is a measure of the ability of a fuel to overcome a tap when it burns in a machine that can damage the engine. The higher the octane number the better. Pertamina issued 3 gasoline products: Premium with octane number 80 - 88, Pertamax with octane number 91 - 92, and Pertamax Plus with octane number 95. octane number can be increased by adding MTBE (Metyl Tertier Butyl Eter).
Market demand for gasoline is quite large. So to increase the production of gasoline can be done by:
1.Cracking (cracking), ie breaking large molecules into small molecules.
2.Reforming, ie changing the structure of straight chain molecules into branching chains.
3. Alkylation or polymerization, ie the incorporation of small molecules into large molecules.


Please watch here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_kI5K2EkC4&t=4s

Minggu, 21 Mei 2017

RPP CURRICULUM 2013

LEARNING PLAN
School                         : Senior High School
Subject                        : Chemistry
Grade/ Semester          : XI
Topic                           : Hidrocarbon
Time allocation            : 1 x 2 HS

A.    Core Competition
CC 1          : understand and charity his religion
CC2            : Appreciate and practice honest behavior, discipline, responsibility, caring (mutual assistance, cooperation, tolerance, peace), polite, responsive and pro-active and displayed as part of the solution to various problems in interacting effectively with the social and natural environment as well as in position ourselves as a reflection of the nation in the association world.
CC 3           : Understanding, applying, analyzing factual knowledge, conceptual, procedural, based on his curiosity about science, technology, arts, culture, and humanities with an insight into humanity, national, state, and civilization-related causes of phenomena and events, as well as applying procedural knowledge in the field of study specific according to their talents and interests to solve the problem.
CC 3           : Processing, reasoning, and menyaji in the realm of the concrete and abstract domains associated with the development of the independently learned at school, and was able to use the method according to the rules of science
B.     Basis Competence
3.1 Understand the forming and separation technique process of … and natural gasses, and also its uses.
Indicator         :
a)      Description forming process of petroleum
b)      Explain the principal compound of petroleum
c)      Exclamation the phase distillate draft to explain base and technique of separation petroleum
4.2 Serve the result of understanding about forming and technique separation process of petroleum fraction and its uses.


Indicator         :
a)      Analyse forming process of petroleum in nature based on observe in any resource and article.
b)      Serve separation process of petroleum based on discuss.
c)      Find thw alternaitive petroleum based on discuss.
C.     Learning Matery
Fact           :
Ø  Composition of petroleum
Ø  Coal
Ø  Natural gasses and petroleum
Ø  Fuel
Consept     :
Ø  Relation between long chain, Mr, and boiling point.
Ø  Forming process of petroleum
Principal    :
Ø  Way to petroleum
Procedure  :
Ø  Procedure to make fuel in daily live  through video.
Matery
LEARNING METHOD
1.      Discussion
2.      Inquiry
STRATEGY
1.      Student Centered Learning
2.      Project Based Learning
3.      Discovery Learning
4.      Small Group Discussion
MEDIA, EQUIPMENT, AND LEARNING SOURCE
  1. Tools and materials :
    • Video of fuel
    • Media: LCD
    • Video forming of … and separated process of fuel.
  2. Lerning source :
    • Student :
      • Buku Kimia SMA : Permana, Irvan. 2009. Memahami Kimia 1: SMA/MA Untuk Kelas X, Semester 1dan 2. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan, Departemen Pendidikan nasional.
    • Teacher :
      • Sunarya, Y. dan Setiabudi, A. 2009. Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Kimia 1 : Untuk Kelas X  Sekolah Menengah Atas/Madrasah Aliyah. Jakarta : Pusat Perbukuan, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional
      • Chang, Raymond. 2011.General Chemistry : The Essential Concepts. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

STEP OF LEARNING :
Student Activity
Teacher Activity
Waktu (Menit)
Kegiatan Awal
1)    Greetings, absence
2)    Watching and listening video


Prasyarat pengetahuan:
Student understand about concept and principal of making … and its fractions.
Motivasi dan Apersepsi:
  • Mention kinds of fuel that you understand ?
  • Have you know about beginning the fuel?
  • What different and equal of each kinds of fuels?
  • Have you know how to make ache fraction of fuel from petroleum?
3)    Student accept information,  competence, matery, purpose, beneficial, and study step .

Greetings
Teacher give motivation to student (show motivation video and fuel video)
Techer addict article petroleum

Pra eksperimen:
Teacher guide to make group (each group is 5 student)
5’
Kegiatan Inti
Observing
·     Inspect from any source about the meaning of corcoal, procedure of meking it, and separation technique.
·     Analyse fraction distillation process to conclude based and tchnique of separation corcoal become its fraction.

Questioning
a. Asking questions relating to how the formation of petroleum and natural gas, and separation means (petroleum fraction).

Eksperimenting
a.   Gather information by reading / hearing / listening on, the process of the formation of petroleum and natural gas, the main constituent components of petroleum, petroleum fractions and separation techniques
b.   Gather information about the process of refining multilevel

Communicating
Presenting the results of group work  using correct grammar

Teacher guide student to find literature.











Teachers motivate students to ask questions.
















Participants are guided by the teacher presented the petroleum, the process of its formation and how the separation of fractions.
75’
Final Activity
Learners (guided by the teacher) to discuss a summary.
Teachers refer students to present the results of its conclusions.

Teachers guide students in the conclusion.
Teachers give homework exercises in the form of material and article now impacts combustion of hydrocarbons to the environment and health and how to overcome them.
10’

ASSESSMENT
No
Aspects
Mechanism and Procedure
Instruments
Specification
1.
Attitude
Observation  Group Work
Observation Sheet

2.
Knowledge
1. Assignment
2. Written Test
Assignment Problem  Objective Problem

3.
Skills
Presentation Performance
Performance Presentation



Jambi, .....................
Principals SMA Negeri                                   Chemistry Teacher
                                                                                   



                                               
............................                                                        ............................
NIP. ........................                                                   NIP. ........................


Appendix 1 Observation Sheet
OBSERVATION SHEET ATTITUDE

Subject                                    :.................................................................................
Class / Semester          :................................................................................
Academic Year           :................................................................................
Observation time         : ...............................................................................

Indicators of development of religious attitudes, responsibility, caring, responsive, and courteous:
1.      BT (not visible) if it did not show the earnest efforts in completing tasks
2.      MT (began to appear) if the show had no real effort in completing the task but still little and yet steady / consistent
3.      MB (began to develop) if it shows no real effort in completing tasks quite often and began to steady / consistent
4.      MK (entrenched) if it shows any real effort in completing the task continuously and steady / consistent


Put a check mark (V) in the appropriate columns of the observations.
No
Name
Religious
responsibility
Care
Responsive
Courteous
BT
MT
MB
MK
BT
MT
MB
MK
BT
MT
MB
MK
BT
MT
MB
MK
BT
MT
MB
MK
1.





















2.





















3.





















4.





















5.





















...























     Appendix 2
a.       Observation sheet presentation on attitude and performance discussion and presentation of current scientific

OBSERVATIONS OBSERVATIONS AND PERFORMANCE SHEET PRESENTATION
Subject                        : Chemistry
Classes / Programs      : X/M-IPA
competence                 : ……………

No
Name
Observation
performance Presentation
Score
honest
discpn
rspsbty
carei
coop
number
Prnsrt
Visual
Matery
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
1.       
Abdus Shamad
4
4
4
4
3
24
4
3
3
10
2.       











3.       











4.       











5.       











6.       











7.       











8.       











9.       











10.   











11.   











12.   











13.   











14.   











15.   











16.   











17.   











18.   











19.   











20.   











21.   
























Remarks charging scores
4 Very high
3 High
2 High Enough
1 Less

Group presentation
aspects:
1 Content Mastery
2 Techniques Asking / Answering
3 Method of Presentation


INDICATORS OF COMPETENCE CORE 1 AND 2
1 Honest
a. Delivering something based on the actual circumstances
b. It does not cover errors that occur
2 Discipline
a. Always present in class on time
b. Working LKS appropriate and timely instructions
c. Obey the rules of the game in independent and group work
3. Responsibility
a. Trying to complete the task in earnest
b. Ask your friends / teachers when encounter problems
c. Solving the problems which they are responsible
d. Participation in group

4. Care
a. Maintain cleanliness of the class, helping a friend in need
b. Demonstrate empathy and sympathy to participate resolve problems
c. Able to give an idea / ideas to a problem in the surrounding
d. Provide assistance in accordance with their ability

5. cooperation
a. Working LKS earnest
b. Shows a friendly attitude
c. Trying to find solutions to problems together within the group
d. Appreciate other opinions

ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES:
a. Assessment is done by comparing the character of students on initial conditions with achievement within a certain time.
b. The results obtained are then recorded, analyzed and conducted follow-up.

Appendix 3

assignment
• Creating a PPT on petroleum, the process of its formation, and processing method.
Rating:
• Article
Article presents the results of observations from various sources of hydrocarbons, reactions and their abundance in nature.

Portfolio / Product (focus on the assessment) aspects:
1 Visual report
2. completeness.
3 conformance with the material
Example Instrument Practice Reports

No. criteria Predicate
1 In accordance purpose Well if 3 are met (8) - 80
Moderate if 2 are met (7) -70
Less if 1 is fulfilled (6) -60
Cut no (5) -50
2 In accordance with the data
3 True / appropriate theory


Appendix 4

Written Test
1 The following are not included petroleum fraction is. ...
(A) naphtha
(B) kerosene
(C) gasoline
(D) solar
(E) vegetable oil
2 compounds are the most abundant hydrocarbons in petroleum are. ...
(A) alkanes and alkynes
(B) alkenes and cycloalkanes
(C) alkyne and skloalkana
(D) alkanes and cycloalkanes
(E) alkene and alkyne
3 Separation fractions of petroleum distillate called stratified based on the difference. ...
(A) the density of
(B) mass formula
(C) whether or not saturated carbon compounds
(D) boiling point
(E) a chemical bond
4. following compounds are classified as natural gas. ...
(A) methane and octane
(B) propane and butene
(C) methane and ethane
(D) propane and butane
(E) ethane and ethyne
5. petroleum fractions which have the lowest boiling point is ...
(A) kerosene
(B) Gasoline
(C) the premium
(D) LPG
(E) LNG
Rating: true x 2 (min. 7)

CHEMICAL LEARNING VIDEO

Crude oil Hydrocarbon compounds are widely used in everyday life such as petroleum. Because of the importance of petroleum for the su...